How many colours are in a photograph?

The number of colours in a 24-bit colour image is 256³ or 16,777,216 colours. So how many colours are there in a 8 MP photo? Consider the following beautiful photograph:

Picture of a flower on a Japanese quince tree.
A picture of a flower from a Japanese quince

In this image there are 515,562 unique colours. Here’s what is looks like as a 3D RGB histogram:

Most photographs will not contain 16 million colours (obviously if they have less than 16 MP, that’s a given). If you want to check out some images that do, try allrgb.com. Here is another image with more colours: 1,357,892 to be exact. In reality, very few real everyday photographs contain that amount of hue varieties.

Stained glass window at Metro Charlevoix in Montreal
Stained glass window at Metro Charlevoix in Montreal

Now as the average number of colours humans can perceive is only around a million, having 16 million colours in an image is likely overkill.

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